I am not an electronics expert by no means, but I have dabbled a bit here and there. I’m not sure if you would be able to reduce the voltage enough with that resistor or not. I’ve used rectifiers in the past to lower DC voltage, if it were me I’d buy 5v LED’s. It is even possible to get LED’s that can handle a voltage range, I have purchased one that can handle 6 to 12 volts so I would think that these days you would be able to get one in the 5 volt range.
Heat and high voltage is a problem for LED’s. Surges or heat will burn them out. You can use the information provided at
http://www.wireityourself.com/ohms_law.html to figure out if your resistor is large enough to reduce the voltage, as far as the current it all depends on what your USB source voltage is capable of putting out and how much you are already using.